Saingi China, Eropa Ikut Bikin Matahari Buatan
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Saingi China, Eropa Ikut Bikin Matahari Buatan

AP Photo/Daniel Cole - detikInet
Senin, 13 Sep 2021 15:30 WIB

Prancis - Peneliti dari Eropa tengah mengembangkan reaktor fusi nuklir serupa yang dikembangkan China. Jika selesai dirakit, ini bakal menjadi Matahari buatan di Bumi.

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Para peneliti dari Reaktor Eksperimental Termonuklir Internasional (ITER) mengirimkan bagian pertama dari magnet masif untuk reaktor tenaga nuklir fusi yang akan mereka dirikan di Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, Prancis. Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Bagian pertama dari magnet raksasa ini disebut memiliki kekuatan medan magnet yang disebut bisa mengangkat pesawat terbang. Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Jika selesai dirakit, magnet raksasa ini akan berukuran hampir 20 meter dan tinggi 4 meter. Magnet ini adalah bagian krusial bagi 35 negara untuk membuat reaktor fusi nuklir yang bakal menjadi Matahari buatan di Bumi. Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Terpisah, peneliti dari Institut Teknologi Massachusetts di AS dan perusahaan swasta mengumumkan mereka berhasil mengembangkan magnet superkonduktor dengan bersuhu tinggi yang disebut bisa melewati teknologi ITER untuk membuat Matahari di Bumi. Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Matahari Buatan ini dikembangkan menggunakan teknologi nuklir fusi yang berbeda dengan nuklir fisi yang banyak digunakan saat ini. Teknologi nuklir fusi disebut lebih ramah lingkungan dibanding teknologi nuklir fisi yang memproduksi sampah radioaktif. Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Selain energi yang dihasilkan lebih bersih, reaktor nuklir fusi juga menawarkan pasokan energi yang hampir tak terbatas. Masalahnya, pengembangan energi ini sangat sulit. Para peneliti sudah mencoba mengembangkannya selama lebih dari satu abad dan belum mendapat hasil signifikan. Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Sebagai perbandingan, Korea Selatan berhasil menyalakan Matahari Buatan selama 20 detik dengan suhu mencapai 100 juta derajat Celcius.Β  Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Sementara Matahari Buatan China sekarang sudah berhasil menahan plasma 120 juta derajat Celcius selama 101 detik.Β  Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Selain baru bisa menyala lebih sebentar, para peneliti pun tengah mencari cara untuk mengefisiensikan energi guna menyalakan plasma yang digunakan untuk menciptakan energi nuklir fusi ini. Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)

Sebab, untuk menciptakan reaksi fusi seperti yang terjadi di matahari di Bumi, isotop hidrogen harus ditempatkan di dalam perangkat fusi untuk menciptakan keadaan plasma yang memisahkan ion dan elektron. Untuk memisahkan kedua partikel ini, ion harus dipanaskan dan dipertahankan pada suhu tinggi. Β 

A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
A part of the cryostat component of the ITER machine is pictured in Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Thursday, Sept. 9, 2021. Scientists at the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in southern France took delivery of the first part of a massive magnet so strong its American manufacturer claims it can lift an aircraft carrier. (AP Photo/Daniel Cole)
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