Deretan Pesawat Antariksa yang Bawa Astronaut ke Luar Angkasa

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

Kapsul Vostok dari Uni Soviet merupakan kapsul berawak yang mengantarkan Yuri Gagarin, manusia pertama ke luar angkasa pada 12 April 1961. Enam kapsul Vostok mengantarkan kosmonot menuju orbit antara tahun 1961 dan 1963. Foto: SSPL/Getty Images

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

Kapsul Mercury dari Amerika Serikat yang mengantarkan Alan Shepard, orang AS pertama yang melakukan perjalanan ke suborbit. Kapsul ini beroperasi dari tahun 1961-1963. Foto: NASA

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

Kapsul Voskhod dari Uni Soviet yang beroperasi pada 1864-1965. Kapsul ini dirancang mengikuti desain Vostok tapi diubah untuk menampung lebih banyak awak dan memfasilitasi spacewalk. Foto: Vyacheslav ProkofyevTASS via Getty Images

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

Kapsul Gemini dari Amerika Serikat diadaptasi dari Mercury dan diubah untuk menampung lebih banyak astronaut dan melakukan tugas yang lebih rumit seperti docking. Kapsul ini aktif pada tahun 1965-1966. Foto: NASA

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

Kapsul Soyuz pertama kali diluncurkan pada tahun 1967 dan masih digunakan oleh Rusia hingga saat ini. Tapi model kapsul yang sekarang beroperasi tentu berbeda dan jauh lebih canggih. Foto: NASA

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

Misi Apollo yang berhasil mendaratkan astronaut ke Bulan memiliki command module sebagai alat transportasi utama. Untuk mencapai permukaan Bulan, astronaut harus menumpang lunar module. Misi Apollo dimulai tahun 1968 dan berakhir tahun 1972. Foto: NASA

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

Setelah misi Apollo, NASA kembali meluncurkan astronaut ke luar angkasa menggunakan pesawat ulang alik pada tahun 1981. NASA membangun lima pesawat yang menyelesaikan 135 misi berawak sebelum dipensiunkan pada tahun 2011. Foto: NASA

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

China menjadi negara ketiga yang mengembangkan pesawat antariksa dengan Shenzhou. Pesawat ini pertama kali meluncurkan manusia ke orbit pada tahun 2003, dan hingga tahun 2016 telah ada enam pesawat Shenzhou yang mengantarkan manusia ke luar angkasa. Foto: STR/AFP via Getty Images

Astronot Australia Kritik Keras Pesawat Antariksa Virgin Galactic

SpaceShip One dan SpaceShip Two merupakan dua pesawat antariksa yang dirancang untuk penerbangan suborbit. SpaceShip Two pertama kali melakukan uji coba berawak pada 2010 dan pertama kali membawa penumpang non-pilot pada 2019. Foto: ABC Australia

An unmanned capsule of the SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft splashes down into the Atlantic Ocean, after a short-term stay on the International Space Station, in this still image from video, in the Atlantic, about 200 miles off the Florida coast, U.S., March 8, 2019. Courtesy NASA/Handout via REUTERS ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY.

Kapsul Crew Dragon milik SpaceX dijadwalkan mengantarkan dua astronaut NASA menuju ISS pada minggu ini. Jika misi ini berhasil, Crew Dragon akan bergabung dengan pesawat-pesawat antariksa ikonik di atas. Foto: Reuters

RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)
RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)
RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)
RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)
RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)
RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)
RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)
RUSSIA - MARCH 20: Model (scale 1:6). On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (1934-1968), was launched into orbit by a Vostok rocket and became the first man in space. After completing one orbit, the automatic controls of the spacecraft brought him safely back to Earth. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)
Astronot Australia Kritik Keras Pesawat Antariksa Virgin Galactic
An unmanned capsule of the SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft splashes down into the Atlantic Ocean, after a short-term stay on the International Space Station, in this still image from video, in the Atlantic, about 200 miles off the Florida coast, U.S., March 8, 2019. Courtesy NASA/Handout via REUTERS ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY.